Marrakech

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Marrakech (Arabic: Mûrrakûsh, مراكش) known as the Pearl of the South or the City of South Gate and red ocher or city is a city of Morocco, at the foot of the Atlas mountains. Distance: The distance between Casablanca and Marrakech, 240 kilometers east of the city was founded in 1062 by Youssef Ibn Tachfine, the first king of the dynasty of the Almoravids. In the past, Morocco is known as the east of Marrakech, this designation is still under way in Iran, Morocco name comes from the deformation of the Spanish pronunciation of Marrakech Morocco.

Presentation of the city:

Marrakech has about 1 million inhabitants (2004 census) spread over an area of 6.2 square kilometers. The population density reached 350 persons per hectare. This is the 4th largest city in Morocco after Casablanca, Rabat and Fez. The city is divided into two distinct parts: the historic old town or Medina (10 km enclosure) and the new city whose main areas are: Guéliz and Hivernage. Gueliz is now the shopping center. Founded by the French during the Protectorate. The area of attention Hivernage many resorts. In recent years, the city grows, particularly in the western suburbs with new residential areas in the region of Targa or extension of the Avenue Mohammed VI
History:

Marrakech was founded in 454 of the Hegira, corresponding to the year 1062 of the Christian era, by Ibn Youssef Tachfine first ruler of the dynasty Almoravid. The name comes from Marrakech Berber "Love," which means "country" and "Akouch" which means "god" of the earth god and the holy land. Very quickly, in Marrakech, under the leadership of the Almoravids, austere and pious men, many mosques and madrassas (Koranic schools of theology) were constructed, and a commercial center for the Maghreb and black Africa. Marrakech grew rapidly and became a cultural and religious influence, the walls are built to protect the city. Becomes the nucleus, the capital of the Almoravid. The city was later fortified by the son of Youssef Ibn Tachfine, Ali Ben Youssef, the construction of walls for several kilometers, the city's architecture was influenced by Fes, the capital founded by Idris I in Muslim Spain. These two cities are the culture, architecture Morocco, but also the Arab / Muslims who are inspired Al Andalus, which had spilled in the Arabic world. In 1147, the Almohads, proponents of the orthodoxy of Islam conquered the city walls, the last Almoravids dead, almost all of the monuments destroyed. Almohades built many palaces and religious buildings, including the famous Koutoubia mosque built on the ruins of a palace Almoravid. To feed the palm trees and landscaped gardens, an irrigation system has been improved. Marrakech, cultural attracted many writers and artists, especially Andalusia. In 1269, Marrakech was conquered by nomads at the expense of last Mérinides Almohades. When the advent of the dynasty Merinids, Marrakech then fell into a lethargy, and the resulting decrease in the loss of their capital for the benefit of his great rival, Fez. In the early sixteenth century, Marrakech was the capital of the kingdom, quickly reached its peak, in particular by Saadia Sultan Mohammed El Mahdi. Because of the fortune accumulated by the sultans, Marrakech was embellished, monuments ruined and then restored sumptuous palaces built. The palace built by the Saadia Badi is a replica of the Alhambra, conducted with the most valuable of Italy, Sudan, India and even China. A protocol based on the sumptuous Topkapi Istanbul has been implemented. Despite his opposition to Turkish, Saadia are attracted by the Ottoman civilization. A trace of this influence is in the name of the district Dabachi Derb, derived from the term "ogdabachi" and appoint a senior officer in the Ottoman military hierarchy. Marrakech again lose its status as capital. At the end of the seventeenth century, the current successor of the Alawite dynasty Saadi. The throne is successively moved to Meknes and Fez, new imperial city. In the early twentieth century, Marrakech has several years of civil war. In 1912, the introduction of the French protectorate in Morocco to put an end to this anarchy. In 1956, the return from exile of King Mohamed V was held in Marrakech and the rest of the country.

climate:

Marrakech has a tendency to the arid climate is characterized by strong seasonal and temperature variations during the day due to its distance from the Atlantic coast. The city and the surrounding plains suffer from a lack of rain in summer. In winter temperatures are mild, or even in the cold. By the summer temperatures are warm. Most people are coming out late at night to enjoy the temperatures more bearable for the night and the city has a lively nightlife.