Tunisia

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Tunisia, as you know, the capital of Tunisia. It is located in the gulf of Tunisia (of course). With its 1 600 000 inhabitants and the city is commercial and the industrialist (steel, phosphate) of the country. One uses by the port as the Goulette and the airport as Tunisia-Carthage.

Previously small town to bereber (tunicense oppidum) the top of a hill and soon extended in the slope, before of the military post of the Arabs in the centuries eighth and ninth, Tunisia (old Tynes), was developed in century VIII in winch to its arsenal and its mosque. During the Khorassanide Emirate (1059-1160), of Tunisia, capital of principeauté, has a principesco castle, a city, suburbs and 2 embarrassed advance 5 doors. Almohades ciudadela (Kasbah) like the one of Marrakech constructed one, that symbolizes the supremacy of the chaste governor. Sicily, with which he is in favor separated of a great runner of 150 km, which it controls the passage between the Western Mediterranean and the Eastern Mediterranean considerable advantage in terms of international trade. Enough good defended by its walls and the Kasbah, Tunisia continues growing thanks to its condition of capital Andalusian and the continuous one (Judios and Muslims that fled from reconquer Christian of Spain). Outside the walls, the Christian mercenarios pretoriana guard of Sultanes Hafsids, parked in a Rabadà Nassara (Christian suburb of Bab Menara). Other Christians settled down themselves in fondouks to exert the marine commerce by virtue of the protection on their attempts of consuls.Les Spanish and 2 bags of occupation of the city, 1535 and 1573, causing the ruin of Tunisia and its town are to 25,000 inhabitants on. Only at the end of the century XVI that the city found a prosperity appearance.

to see in tunez:

** the Museum del Bard, in the outskirts of Tunisia. It has the greatest collection of the world of mosaics and the prehistoric antiques Tunisia at the beginning of century XX. It is considered, with the Cairo, to be richest in the African continent and is first anywhere in the world for old mosaic pavimentales.

** the Great Mosque (Ez-Zitouna) was founded on 734 by Ibn Al Obeid Alá Habhab, governor omeya of Kairuán on the probable location of a church. Zitouna (mosque-university), that is of 75 ms of length and 60 ms of wide and counts with more than 200 columns of most of the antiques of Carthage completely was reconstructed by the architect-Fatah between 861 and 866 with bottoms assigned by the abasí caliph To the Moustasir. Its trapezial form is based on the model of the Great Mosque of Kairouan, with the style exception almohade minarete that is in a corner and not in the center of the wall.

** Hammouda Pacha Mosque was constructed in 1655 by the Pacha Hammouda Bey al-Mouradi. This is the second hanafita mosque Tunisia. Elegant minarete is octogonal with in its head, a balcony crowned by a pyramid. The mosque consists of three courses. Degrees to the right that lodges the mausoleo of Hammouda Pacha, a splendid example of the contribution from Turkey to the architecture of Tunisia with its tile roof of green crystal roofing tiles and marble door, an impressive masterpiece of the art of century XVIII. The elegance and minarete of the wealth of landscapes characterize to this building inspired the architects of the mausoleo of Bourguiba by Monastir. He is fashionable that is celebrated the wedding and the circuncisión.

** Mosque of Youssef Dey (or Sidi Youssef) is located close del Dar-el-Bey, the present Palace of Government in the Kasbah. That it dates from 1616, is the first hanafita mosque Tunisia. It reunited to all the craftsmen Turkish who worked in near the zocos (bazaars slave Tailors and Slippers). His minarete, that is based on a square, was the first octogonal type. In its apogee, a circular balcony with an awning muezzins allowed to call to the oration without muille the days of rain. The mausoleo of the founder of the mosque is square. Its ceiling totally is tiled.

** Mosque of the Kasbah, located in the highest point of the capital and in the interior of the strength, was constructed from 1231 to 1235 during the reign del sultán Abu hafsida Zakariya I, by architect Ibn Qasim. Its room of oration, that is based on a cellar occupied by enormous tanks of support of pillars and columns, has 7 rooms and 9 include the support of columns ended by capitals of different style. The Ksar Mosque was constructed in 1106 during the reign of Prince Amhed Ibn Khorassani. This facade is made up of a series of concentric arcs surpassed by voussures and his minarete of Spanish style maghrébin date of its century XVIII.

** Mosque of Mohamed Abou the Hafsi was constructed to principles del century XIII in the North suburb of the population. One is made up of 2 separated rooms for the oration by a court. Alminar is hafsida style. The A the Hawa is located in the southern suburbs and was founded by princess ATF, wife of sultán Abu Zakariya Ier. Its room of oration is made up of 7 rooms and 6 the support of columns with capitals of antiques extends. Alminar is hafsida style.

** the Sultán of PLANT LOUSE, that allows the construction of the Muslims to before practice the cleaning of the oration (medical facilities), is located close of the Zitouna that is an annex. It was constructed between 1448 and 1450 by the architect Amhed To the Qusantini during the reign of sultán Abu Amar hafsida Othman and that once was reserved for the dignitaries of the cut. The Medersa Chammaiya (committed for the students of the Zitouna) was founded at the beginning of century XIII by the Sultán de Abu Zakariya and consists of a patio peristilo and the word student including rooms, a room of medical facilities, 2 of the library and oratorio.

** the Medersa Muntaciriya was constructed between 1434 to 1437 and includes an ample patio surrounded by 3 iwans, a room of oration consists of 3 halls, rooms for the students, a room of ablutions and latrines. The Museum of the Bard was founded on 1888 in one of the pavilions of the Beylical palace and counts on six departments of prehistory (Punic, Greek, Roman, pagan, paleo-Christian and Arab-Muslim).

** the medina of Tunisia has been an urbanism model Arab-Muslim conserved in its totality until now, with an inscription in the List del World-wide Patrimony of UNESCO. From the Avenue Habib Bourguiba, the entrance becomes in the Medina through the Door of France.

** Belvedere Park was founded more of a century by certain Joseph the Forcade. Nevertheless, its history is long continues being not known. This difference has been of bridge thanks to a study of investigation with the subject "the gardens, landscape, territory: the park of Belvédère Tunisia ", by Imène Zaafrane Zhioua architecture student.